Tughlaq dynasty

The Tughlaq dynasty was established by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (Ghazi Malik) in 1320 AD after killing Delhi Sultan Khusrao Khan. Ghiyasuddin's last military campaign was the Bengal conquest. He sent a military expedition to Bengal-Bihar in 1324 AD. Lakhnauti ruler Naseeruddin surrendered but Sonar village ruler Ghiyasuddin Bahadur protested, who was defeated and sent to Delhi.

It was during the time of the Tughlaq dynasty that the Sultans of Delhi established significant dominance over Bihar. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, while returning from the Bengal campaign in 1324 AD, defeated Hari Singh Dev, the Karnat dynasty ruler of North Bihar. Thus the Turkish army captured Dumraogarh, the capital of Tirhut and returned to Delhi after handing over the command of the state to Ahmed. After the death of Ghiyasuddin in 1325 AD, his son Ulukh Khan later became the Sultan of Delhi by the name of Jauna Sa Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq. During the reign of Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq, the governor of Bihar was Makhdul Mulk, who was forced to flee to Nepal after campaigning against King Harisingh Dev of the Karnat dynasty. In this way the Tirhut area was merged into the Tughlaq Empire and this area was named Tughlaqpur, which is present Darbhanga. Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq built a fort and Jama Masjid in Darbhanga. His contemporary Sufi saint Hazrat Sharfuuddin Yahya Mainri arrived in Bihar. 1351 AD: After the death of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, his cousin Firoz Tughlaq became the Sultan of Delhi.

Haji Ilyas, the then ruler of Bengal, divided the Tirhut region into two parts despite the opposition of Kameshwar Singh, the ruler of ON Wara, and himself advanced up to Bahraich.

Firozshah Tughlaq conducted the Bengal campaign from Jharkhand region in 1359 AD. Sirte Firozshahi had the Sultan meet the famous saint of Bihar, Sheikh Ahmed Chirmposh. The inscriptions of the Jain temples in Rajgrih show that Firoz Shah donated Bihar Sharif, the capital of Bihar during the Tughlaq period. The state of Bihar was also named Bihar during this period. The most important administrator of Bihar during this period was Malik Ibrahim. His tomb situated on Bihar Sharif hill is an example of the temple architecture of Tughlaq period. After the death of Firoz Shah Tughlaq in 1388 AD, the process of disintegration of medieval Bihar into Delhi Sultanate started. Firoz Shah's successors were weak and weak and could not control Bihar. The same situation prevailed under the rulers of Delhi Sultan Syed dynasty, as a result the area of Bihar came under Jaunpur state. There were Sharqi dynasty rulers in Jaunpur due to which conflict started between Jaunpur and Delhi. Bihar also remained trapped in conflict during the time of the last Sharqi ruler Hussain Shah Sharqi (1458-1505 AD). After the Londi dynasty took control of Jaunpur in 1489 AD, the Nuhani dynasty emerged in Bihar.